directed graph
each edge has direction
A directed graph is a type of graph where the edges (or arcs) between vertices (or nodes) have a direction and are typically represented by arrows. In a directed graph, each edge has a starting vertex and an ending vertex, with the direction of the edge going from the starting vertex to the ending vertex.
A directed graph can be used to represent various real-world scenarios such as road networks, hierarchical structures, flow networks, social networks, and more. When analyzing a directed graph, key concepts such as the degree of a vertex, the shortest path between two vertices, the cycle in a graph, and the strongly connected components are commonly considered.
The degree of the vertex refers to the number of edges incident to a vertex in a directed graph. A path between two vertices is a sequence of vertices connected with edges that do not repeat. The shortest path between two vertices is the path with the minimum number of edges that connects them. A cycle is a path that starts and ends at the same vertex. Lastly, a strongly connected component is a set of vertices where there exists a path from any vertex in the component to any other vertex in the component.
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