Main Diagonal
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The main diagonal of a two-dimensional shape (such as a square, rectangle or parallelogram) is the diagonal line that runs from one corner to the opposite corner, passing through the center of the shape.
For example, in a square, the main diagonal is the line that connects two opposite corners of the square. It divides the square into two congruent right-angled triangles. The length of the main diagonal of a square can be calculated using the Pythagorean theorem as d = a√2, where d is the length of the diagonal and a is the length of one side of the square.
Similarly, in a rectangle, the main diagonal is the line that passes through the two opposite corners of the rectangle. It can also be calculated using the Pythagorean theorem as d = √(l^2 + w^2), where d is the length of the diagonal, l is the length of the rectangle and w is the width of the rectangle.
The main diagonal can also be defined for three-dimensional shapes such as cubes and rectangular prisms. In a cube, the main diagonal is the line that connects two opposite vertices of the cube, passing through its center. In a rectangular prism, the main diagonal is the line that extends from one corner of the rectangular base to the opposite corner of the top face.
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