What are features or functions of the logical link control sublayer in Ethernet standards?
The Logical Link Control (LLC) sublayer is an integral part of the Ethernet standard and serves several important functions.
Below are some of the notable features and functions of the LLC sublayer:
1. Frame Delimiting: The LLC sublayer encapsulates packets into frames by adding a header and a trailer. These boundaries enable the receiving device to identify the start and end of each frame.
2. Addressing: The LLC sublayer uses the 48-bit MAC address to add source and destination addresses in the frame header. This addressing mechanism ensures that frames are delivered to the intended devices and provides a means for identifying the source of incoming frames.
3. Flow Control: The LLC sublayer supports flow control mechanisms to prevent data loss or congestion during high traffic conditions. The receiver can request the sender to slow down the transmission rate or temporarily pause sending frames to avoid overwhelming the receiver.
4. Error Control: The LLC sublayer helps detect and handle errors in data transmission. It uses various error detection techniques, such as cyclic redundancy check (CRC), to verify the integrity of the received frames. If errors are detected, the LLC sublayer can request retransmission of the corrupted frames.
5. Connection Management: LLC implements connection-oriented services in Ethernet networks. It establishes, maintains, and terminates logical connections between devices, enabling reliable data transfer and flow control.
6. Multiplexing: The LLC sublayer supports multiple connections over a single Ethernet link. It employs multiplexing techniques to ensure that different protocols or applications can share the same physical network interface while maintaining isolation and proper data delivery.
7. Frame Control: The LLC sublayer adds a frame control field in the frame header, which includes information about the frame type, whether it is a command or a response, and certain control bits required for frame interpretation.
8. Protocol Discrimination: The LLC sublayer uses a unique value called the Service Access Point Identifier (SAPI) to differentiate between different protocols that are using the LLC sublayer services. This allows multiple protocols to coexist on the same Ethernet link.
Overall, the LLC sublayer facilitates reliable and efficient data exchange by providing framing, addressing, flow control, error control, connection management, multiplexing, and protocol discrimination capabilities within the Ethernet standards.
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